Think of it as a tough job which needs time. I bet they have given you at least 6 months. Do you know why they have given you this time? Because it will take that long. The corrections are huge so the PhD was. It took you 3-4 years to reach this stage which looked too faraway at the beginning. The same applys now with corrections. Break it into weeks. If you have 20 weeks, you need to finish 5% every week. If you accomplish 2% the first week, you will be fine.
Just start. With the easies typo, grammar, figure correction, whatever is easy for you. Once you started, it will end. You can and you will do it. All the best.

It is very unlikely that the paper would be rejected after receiving minor corrections. It might only due to holidays season. Some papers take more than a year forth and back, but of course it takes longer when the revisions are major.
It is not cool, annoying but I would only recommend to be a little more patient. Two weeks more and all will be done. Meanwhile if you apply for a job, write it in publication list and write (accepted subjected to minor revisions).

This should be sufficient. If they ask specfically for supervisors names, say your relationship with them was not excellent and try to say as few as possible about.

I understand the difficult situation. You need references. I have been (and still) in the same boat. I hate this referral system. I would put a postdoc or a senior researcher like tru said. If you put supervisors as referee they might simply not reply to any reference request from any employer you are applying at. This even happens when you have a good reletionship with them. Moreover, these reference letters (good or bad) you will never read.
It is not ideal that you are unable to get reference letters from supervisors but it is not the end of the world. They are not God. Ask one or two researchers to be your referees. If you worked before, ask also ex employer. Also ask your undergraduate lecturers/supervisors. I wish all the best.

A very important factor is funding. Have you already secured funding? Will the committee decide in case of acceptance to award funding? If funding is secured, more likely it is formalities. If not, there is still a long way to go.

It is good that you have achieved this. But be ware that many complaints end in trash. Do not assume this is the happy end for each complaint. I do not support the behaviour of keeping calm and not to complain, but anyone who complains should be careful and should not expect too much.

Yes. Explanation will not hurt. And they will read it. Visa decision is not a 10 minute process.

Be careful. be sure you want to do a PhD. Be ready for dedication

Yes. I think it is too much. In particular in business administration, I think experience is more valued than academic qualifications. Having a Master and looking for HR position could already be marked as "over qualified". If you want academia, you have to start looking for jobs in academia right away after finishing a PhD.

US is top at business administration. You can google for other countries. UK is also a destination for the field

Seeing a great institute and a great position is something, and getting accepted is totally different. Everyone wants to go to US to do a PhD. It is not easy at all. The chances will get higher for non English speaking countries.

This is really funny. I know and you know people at their 60s and they accomplished nothing. So you see 28 years as very old? Why you care about people who got Nobel prize at 20? what does it have to do with you?

Explain as much as you can in the application. You may get rejected because of doubt. If you explain genuinly, your chances are higher even if you broke immigration rules before.
Warwick has a good reputation. Any fraud students would have a chosen somewhere else to apply. The odds to get accepted is high especially with clear and detailed explanation.

I think he is not in a great position to insist on Mid-August while we are already at end of July and the chances of finding another tenant is not good. So I recommend to insist on September and it is not your problem that he wants to get rent for more two weeks. It is expected for landlords to have their flats empty for a while between tenants.

Congratulations. It is time now to celebrate the big achievement :)

Unfortunately sounds true. Getting a Postdoc position is more difficult than getting a PhD position because the funding for Postdoc is limited. Moreover they expect you to apply for funding and bring them money. You should also consider applying in industry. You are now in a strange state where you are over qualifified in sense of academic degree and education and under qualified in sense of lack of industrial experience. I think it is the porblem of most PhD graduates. Just try again and do not get disappointed.

Hello. It is still possible. In most Master programs, the dissertation weights around quarter of the whole credit. If you get a distinction at dissertation, it could also mean 75% or 80% not necessarly 70%.
An example of calculation for Master with 120 ECTS (European credit transfer system, some sort of credit hours)
if you have (90 ECTS * 68 % + 76% * 30 ECTS)/ 120 ECTS = 70%
Moreover, like pm133 said, the marks are averaged and 68% might be a distinction in its own.
All the best

Be ware of publishers who are not doing anything except trying to get material for free. They talk to you as you are getting the benefit while actually they take your work for free and sell it for a price.
Now, what matters to you is your own benefit. I think the call for a book chapter night have been made to many authors. It might not be a real call. If you submit to a decent journal and got accepted, this is definitely something. I agree that journals also do the same (take your work for free and sometimes you even pay) and sell it for a price. But this is another story. Long story short, I would go for the journal.

Absolutely definitely. I can understand you concern. When I moved to Europe at first, I was 32 and at that time thought age matters too much. In the eastern culture, the age plays a major role in education and the culture is a bit judgemental. In Europe (and I would assume USA also), the age is not that important. At 40 or 50 or 60 you can make a career shift and it is fine by "most" people.